Dynamic Change in Normalised Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 2015 to 2021 in Dhofar, Southern Oman in Response to the Climate Change

Climate change poses a major threat to vegetation and land cover worldwide. The loss of as result climate can alter the functions structure environment its ecological systems. In first part this study, Sentinel-2 data, normalised different index (NDVI), multiple regression methods were used examine impacts climatic factors humidity, rainfall, air temperature on dynamics from 2015 2021 in Dhofar, Southern Oman. second random forest was employed model relationships between NDVI temperature, soil map, geology topographic wetness index, curvature, elevation, slope, aspect, distance buildings, roads. values revealed significant associations spatial distributions abovementioned factors. findings also indicated an increase 1 °C fluctuations 2018 over all five sites, with strong tendency Qairoon Hairiti Mountain. rainfall records clearly increasing 2020 due impact frequent cyclones. Therefore, results 0.01 trend 2018, 2019, along Sadah Mountain range eastern Jabal Qara Mountains under areas directly impacted by cyclone, whereas there decrease western mountain consisting Qamar warm, dry air. that sensitive heavy Samhan 12 variables influenced levels had importance. Soil types, highest importance, while urban area, roads, map lowest. provide foundation for Oman’s planning management regional vegetation, water conservation, animal husbandry.